Which legislation aims to balance economic development with environmental conservation in coastal areas?

The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) is designed specifically to balance the need for economic development with environmental conservation in coastal areas. Enacted in 1972, this legislation provides a framework for states to develop coastal management programs that address both the economic and environmental needs of coastal regions. It encourages states to manage their coastal resources effectively while minimizing the impact on the environment.

The act promotes the responsible use of coastal resources and promotes conservation measures that protect these areas from the adverse effects of development, pollution, and other environmental threats. By providing federal assistance to state coastal management programs, the CZMA helps harmonize development activities with preservation efforts, thereby supporting sustainable growth in coastal regions.

Other legislation mentioned serves different purposes. The Marine Protection Act focuses on the protection of marine creatures and habitats, while the Pollution Prevention Act is centered on reducing pollution at the source. The Water Quality Act is concerned with maintaining and improving water quality but does not specifically address the broader scope of balancing economic development with conservation like the CZMA does.